Acts as a balancing weight

Acts as an insulator for element

Protect the kettle base from damage

Keep the element in close contact with container

1.5 V A.C

2.0 V A.C

3.0 V A.C

3.2 V A.C

Worn out brushes

Armature coil open

Defective commutator

Field winding partially short

Defective capacitor

Open starting winding

Short in starting winding

Short in running winding

Provides current return path

Provides voltage level constant

Reduces voltage drop in wiring

Maintains load current constant