1.Simply supported Beam: A type of beam which is supported at both ends is called as Simply supported beam. It is the one of the simplest structural elements in existence.

2.Cantilever Beam: A type of beam which is fixed at one end and free at the other end is called as Cantilever Beam.

3.Fixed Beam: It is a type of beam which is fixed at both ends is called as Fixed beam.

4.Overhanging Beam: A beam having its end portion extended beyond the support, is known as overhanging beam. A beam may be overhanging on one side or on both sides.

5.Continuous Beam: A Beam having more than two supports is known as continuous beam.

The ratio effective length of column to least radius of gyration of the column is known as slenderness ratio, and given by slenderness ratio = l/k, Where
l= effective length of the column
k= least radius of gyration of the section
The columns whose slenderness ratio is more than 80, are known as long columns and those columns whose slenderness ratio is less than 80 are known as short columns.