Young’s Modulus is defined as ratio of Normal Stress to Longitudinal Strain. Young’s Modulus is usually denoted with letter E. Young’s Modulus is also called as Modulus of Elasticity.

When one of the links of a kinematic chain is fixed, the chain is known as mechanism. It may be used for transmitting or transforming motion e.g. engine indicators, typewriter etc.

A mechanism with four links is know as simple mechanism, and the mechanism with more than four links is known as compound mechanism. When a mechanism is required to transmit power or to do some particular type of work, it then becomes a machine. In such cases, the various links or elements have to be designed to withstand the forces (both static and kinetic) safely.

It may be noted that we can obtain as many mechanisms as the number of links in kinematic chain by fixing, in turn, different links in a kinematic chain. This method of obtaining different mechanisms by fixing different links in a kinematic chain, is known as inversion of the mechanism.